{"id":1748,"date":"2020-02-12T10:16:15","date_gmt":"2020-02-12T09:16:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/?page_id=1748"},"modified":"2024-11-06T13:35:19","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T12:35:19","slug":"lykohub-matny","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/lykohub-matny\/","title":{"rendered":"l\u00fdkohub matn\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align:left\" class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Polygraphus poligraphus <\/em>Linnaeus, 1758<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:left\">Taxonomick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed:<br>\u0158\u00e1d: brouci (<em>Coleoptera<\/em>)<br>\u010cele\u010f: nosatcovit\u00ed (<em>Curculionidae<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hostitelsk\u00e9 d\u0159eviny:<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm smrk ztepil\u00fd (<em>Picea abies<\/em>), m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto borovice lesn\u00ed (<em>Pinus sylvestris<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Popis:<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>Brouk je 1,8\u20133,5 mm dlouh\u00fd, pod\u00e9ln\u011b ov\u00e1ln\u00ed, hn\u011bd\u00ed a\u017e \u010dernohn\u011bd\u00ed. Nohy a tykadla jsou \u017elutav\u00e9 a\u017e rezavohn\u011bd\u00e9, krovky matn\u00e9, hlava je p\u0159i pohledu shora dob\u0159e viditeln\u00e1. O\u010di jsou z\u00e1\u0159ezem rozd\u011blen\u00e9 na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Tykadlov\u00fd bi\u010d\u00edk je p\u011bti\u010dlenn\u00fd, pali\u010dka jedno\u010dlenn\u00e1. \u0160t\u00edt je \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e del\u0161\u00ed, jemn\u011b te\u010dkovan\u00fd, leskl\u00fd, s&nbsp;jemn\u00fdm, ale z\u0159eteln\u00fdm pod\u00e9ln\u00fdm k\u00fdlem. Krovky jsou v\u00e1lcovit\u00e9, na z\u00e1di zaoblen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ekologie druhu: <\/strong>V na\u0161ich podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch m\u00e1 dv\u011b generace do roka \u2013 prvn\u00ed rojen\u00ed v dubnu a kv\u011btnu, druh\u00e9 rojen\u00ed pak p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v \u010dervenci a srpnu. P\u0159i velmi p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee na podzim zalo\u017eit je\u0161t\u011b pokolen\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed. Po\u017eerek nevytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed typick\u00fd obrazec tvo\u0159en\u00fd mate\u010dn\u00fdmi a larvov\u00fdmi chodbami jako u jin\u00fdch druh\u016f. Mate\u010dn\u00e9 chodby ve smrkov\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed z hv\u011bzdicovit\u00e9ho po\u017eerku na v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b vodorovn\u011b orientovan\u00e9 a spolu s larvov\u00fdmi chodbami prob\u00edhaj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b skryt\u011b v k\u016f\u0159e a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b na povrchu l\u00fdka, tak\u017ee po sloupnut\u00ed k\u016fry jsou jen m\u00edsty viditeln\u00e9, p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9, nepravideln\u011b utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00e9. V borov\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e je po\u017eerek pravideln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, hv\u011bzdicovit\u00fd. Mate\u010dn\u00e9 chodby vyb\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed ze snubn\u00ed kom\u016frky jsou 2\u20136 cm dlouh\u00e9, 1,2\u20131,5 mm \u0161irok\u00e9. Larvov\u00e9 chodby jsou rovn\u011b\u017e kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, jen 1\u20137 cm dlouh\u00e9, zakon\u010den\u00e9 kukeln\u00ed kol\u00e9bkou. P\u0159ezimovat ve v\u0161ech v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch stadi\u00edch krom\u011b vaj\u00ed\u010dka pod k\u016frou. Dosp\u011blci p\u0159ezimuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 v hrabance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u00fdznam druhu<\/strong>: Za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek nal\u00e9t\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednostn\u011b na hladkokor\u00e9, oslaben\u00e9 nebo potla\u010den\u00e9 smrky, zejm\u00e9na ve st\u0159edn\u011b star\u00fdch porostech. Stromy obsazuje po cel\u00e9 d\u00e9lce kmene, zpravidla tak nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0napaden\u00ed kmene jin\u00fdm druhem k\u016frovce, pouze na v\u011btv\u00edch se mohou objevit dal\u0161\u00ed druhy. \u010cast\u00fd je na takto napaden\u00fdch stromech v\u00fdskyt smol\u00e1k\u016f (<em>Pissodes<\/em> spp.). P\u0159i siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytu se v\u0161ak objevuje i na siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch stromech, kde je jeho n\u00e1let soust\u0159ed\u011bn zejm\u00e9na na horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st kmene, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b na siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011btve. \u010cast\u00fd je v\u00fdskyt po p\u0159\u00edsu\u0161ku.<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2696 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2696 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2696\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Polygraphus poligraphus Linnaeus, 1758 Taxonomick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed:\u0158\u00e1d: brouci (Coleoptera)\u010cele\u010f: nosatcovit\u00ed (Curculionidae) Hostitelsk\u00e9 d\u0159eviny: p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm smrk ztepil\u00fd [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1748","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1748"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1748\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2697,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1748\/revisions\/2697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}