{"id":1618,"date":"2020-02-11T11:12:36","date_gmt":"2020-02-11T10:12:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/?page_id=1618"},"modified":"2024-11-06T13:35:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T12:35:45","slug":"ploskohrbetka-smrkova","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/ploskohrbetka-smrkova\/","title":{"rendered":"ploskoh\u0159betka smrkov\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align:left\" class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Cephalcia abietis<\/em> Linnaeus, 1758 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:left\">TAXONOMICK\u00c9 ZA\u0158AZEN\u00cd:<br>\u0158\u00e1d: blanok\u0159\u00eddl\u00ed (Hymenoptera)<br>Pod\u0159\u00e1d: \u0161iropas\u00ed (Symphyta)<br>\u010cele\u010f: ploskoh\u0159betkovit\u00ed (Pamphiliidae)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HOSTITELSK\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: <\/strong>smrk ztepil\u00fd (<em>Picea abies<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2646 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2646 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2646\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/001-housenice-1.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Housenice, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" data-attachment-id=\"4657\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Housenice, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/001-housenice-1\/2330536624.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Housenice, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/002-diapauzujici-housenice-s-pupalnim-okem.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Diapauzuj\u00edc\u00ed housenice s pup\u00e1ln\u00edm okem, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" data-attachment-id=\"4658\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Diapauzuj\u00edc\u00ed housenice s pup\u00e1ln\u00edm okem, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/002-diapauzujici-housenice-s-pupalnim-okem\/166506411.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Diapauzuj\u00edc\u00ed housenice s pup\u00e1ln\u00edm okem, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/004-kukla.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Kukla, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" data-attachment-id=\"4660\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Kukla, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/004-kukla\/2727257030.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Kukla, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/005-hlinena-kukelna-komurka.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Hlin\u011bn\u00e1 kukeln\u00e1 kom\u016frka, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" data-attachment-id=\"4661\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Hlin\u011bn\u00e1 kukeln\u00e1 kom\u016frka, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/005-hlinena-kukelna-komurka\/4257657025.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Hlin\u011bn\u00e1 kukeln\u00e1 kom\u016frka, \u017d\u00e1kova hora 2005.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/003-dospela-vosa.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Dosp\u011bl\u00e1 vosa, Seman\u00edn 2005.\" data-attachment-id=\"4659\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Dosp\u011bl\u00e1 vosa, Seman\u00edn 2005.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/003-dospela-vosa\/3231789151.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Dosp\u011bl\u00e1 vosa, Seman\u00edn 2005.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/ploskohrbetka_dospelci.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Dosp\u011blci ploskoh\u0159betky na M\u00f6rickeho misce, Cikh\u00e1j 2006.\" data-attachment-id=\"4662\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Dosp\u011blci ploskoh\u0159betky na M\u00f6rickeho misce, Cikh\u00e1j 2006.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/ploskohrbetka_dospelci\/1583312352.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Dosp\u011blci ploskoh\u0159betky na M\u00f6rickeho misce, Cikh\u00e1j 2006.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>POPIS DRUHU:<\/strong> dosp\u011blci maj\u00ed zplo\u0161t\u011bl\u00e9, 11\u201314 mm dlouh\u00e9 t\u011blo. Hlava a hru\u010f jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b \u010dern\u00e9. Hlava je velk\u00e1, hranat\u00e1, s dlouh\u00fdmi ni\u0165ovit\u00fdmi tykadly a mohutn\u00fdmi kusadly. Zade\u010dek same\u010dk\u016f je \u010dervenav\u011b hn\u011bd\u00fd s tmav\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdmi prou\u017eky; zade\u010dek sami\u010dek je zaoblen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, olivov\u011b nazelenal\u00fd, svrchu na 1. \u010dl\u00e1nku \u010dern\u00fd. Nohy jsou \u017elutohn\u011bd\u00e9. Blanit\u00e1 k\u0159\u00eddla o rozp\u011bt\u00ed 20\u201327 mm jsou pr\u016fhledn\u00e1, s tmavou \u017eilnatinou. Mlad\u00e9 housenice jsou sv\u011btle \u0161pinav\u011b zelen\u00e9 s tmav\u0161\u00ed hlavou. Dorostl\u00e9 housenice jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b syt\u011b zelen\u00e9, \u010d\u00e1st je v\u0161ak zlatav\u011b \u017elut\u00e1. P\u0159\u00edtomny jsou 3 p\u00e1ry hrudn\u00edch no\u017eek a 1 p\u00e1r po\u0161inek na konci t\u011bla. Vaj\u00ed\u010dka jsou v\u00e1lcovit\u011b zaoblen\u00e1, tmav\u011b zelen\u00e1. Kukla je syt\u011b zelen\u00e1 nebo \u017elutav\u00e1, 10\u201315 mm velk\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>EKOLOGIE DRUHU:<\/strong> dosp\u011blci se roj\u00ed, v z\u00e1vislosti na nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce, od poloviny dubna do za\u010d\u00e1tku \u010dervence. Oplodn\u011bn\u00e9 sami\u010dky kladou vaj\u00ed\u010dka po mal\u00fdch skupink\u00e1ch na star\u0161\u00ed jehlice. Po 2\u20134 t\u00fddnech se l\u00edhnou mlad\u00e9 housenice, kter\u00e9 se soust\u0159e\u010fuj\u00ed do \u00fa\u017elab\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed, kde vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159edivov\u00e9 vaky, v nich\u017e se jednotliv\u011b ukr\u00fdvaj\u00ed. \u017div\u00ed se star\u0161\u00edmi jehlicemi, letorosty o\u017e\u00edraj\u00ed pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nutnosti. Nej\u010dast\u011bji v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 2. poloviny srpna housenice dokon\u010duj\u00ed sv\u016fj \u017e\u00edr a padaj\u00ed z \u017eivn\u00e9 d\u0159eviny na zem, kde si v 5\u201315cm hloubce vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed hladkou dutinku, kde 1\u20133 roky p\u0159el\u00e9haj\u00ed v tzv. diapauze. Na konci obdob\u00ed diapauzy, zpravidla na podzim, se na hlav\u011b housenic vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tzv. pulp\u00e1ln\u00ed oko. Na ja\u0159e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku se housenice s pulp\u00e1ln\u00edm okem kukl\u00ed. Asi za 3 t\u00fddny se roj\u00ed dosp\u011blci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u00ddZNAM DRUHU:<\/strong> ploskoh\u0159betka smrkov\u00e1 je typick\u00fd \u0161k\u016fdce p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm star\u0161\u00edch stejnorod\u00fdch a stejnov\u011bk\u00fdch smrkov\u00fdch porost\u016f. P\u0159emno\u017euje se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v podhorsk\u00fdch a horsk\u00fdch poloh\u00e1ch v nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch od 600 do 1000 m n. m. Siln\u00e9 defoliace korun p\u0159i p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed mohou n\u00e1sledn\u011b v\u00e9st a\u017e k celkov\u00e9mu odum\u0159en\u00ed d\u0159evin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cephalcia abietis Linnaeus, 1758 TAXONOMICK\u00c9 ZA\u0158AZEN\u00cd:\u0158\u00e1d: blanok\u0159\u00eddl\u00ed (Hymenoptera)Pod\u0159\u00e1d: \u0161iropas\u00ed (Symphyta)\u010cele\u010f: ploskoh\u0159betkovit\u00ed (Pamphiliidae) HOSTITELSK\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: smrk [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1618","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1618"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2647,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1618\/revisions\/2647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}