{"id":1467,"date":"2020-02-06T12:59:08","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T11:59:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/?page_id=1467"},"modified":"2024-11-06T13:33:57","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T12:33:57","slug":"korovnice-pupenova","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/korovnice-pupenova\/","title":{"rendered":"korovnice pupenov\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align:left\" class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Adelges laricis<\/em> (Vallot, 1836) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:left\">TAXONOMICK\u00c9 ZA\u0158AZEN\u00cd:<br> \u0158\u00e1d: polok\u0159\u00eddl\u00ed (Hemiptera)<br> Pod\u0159\u00e1d: m\u0161icosav\u00ed (Auchenorrhyncha)<br> Nad\u010dele\u010f: Phylloxeroidea<br> \u010cele\u010f: korovnicovit\u00ed (Adelgidae)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HOSTITELSK\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY:<\/strong> smrk (<em>Picea<\/em> spp.) a mod\u0159\u00edn (<em>Larix<\/em> spp.).<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2477 .fg-image { width: 550px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2477 { --fg-gutter: 5px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2477\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:false},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/korovnice_pup-1.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"H\u00e1lka korovnice pupenov\u00e9, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny, 2002.\" data-attachment-id=\"4498\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"H\u00e1lka korovnice pupenov\u00e9, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny, 2002.\" width=\"550\" height=\"450\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/korovnice_pup-1\/1167429337.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22550%22%20height%3D%22450%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20550%20450%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">H\u00e1lka korovnice pupenov\u00e9, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny, 2002.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/001-detail-sisticovite-halky-na-smrku.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Detail \u0161i\u0161ticov\u00e9 h\u00e1lky, Brno-Bystrc 2006.\" data-attachment-id=\"4493\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Detail \u0161i\u0161ticov\u00e9 h\u00e1lky, Brno-Bystrc 2006.\" width=\"550\" height=\"450\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/001-detail-sisticovite-halky-na-smrku\/3738574842.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22550%22%20height%3D%22450%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20550%20450%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Detail \u0161i\u0161ticov\u00e9 h\u00e1lky, Brno-Bystrc 2006.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/002-silne-napadeni-smrku.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Siln\u00e9 napaden\u00ed smrku, \u010cesk\u00e1 T\u0159ebov\u00e1 2007.\" data-attachment-id=\"4494\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Siln\u00e9 napaden\u00ed smrku, \u010cesk\u00e1 T\u0159ebov\u00e1 2007.\" width=\"550\" height=\"450\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/002-silne-napadeni-smrku\/1699281006.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22550%22%20height%3D%22450%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20550%20450%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Siln\u00e9 napaden\u00ed smrku, \u010cesk\u00e1 T\u0159ebov\u00e1 2007.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/003-silne-napadeni-modrinu.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Siln\u00e9 napaden\u00ed mod\u0159\u00ednu, Varna, Bulharsko 2009.\" data-attachment-id=\"4495\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Siln\u00e9 napaden\u00ed mod\u0159\u00ednu, Varna, Bulharsko 2009.\" width=\"550\" height=\"450\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/003-silne-napadeni-modrinu\/2815856534.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22550%22%20height%3D%22450%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20550%20450%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Siln\u00e9 napaden\u00ed mod\u0159\u00ednu, Varna, Bulharsko 2009.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/005-detail-kolenkate-ohnutych-jehlic-modrinu-v-dusledku-sani.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Detail po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u2013 kol\u00e9nkat\u011b ohnut\u00e9 jehlice, Pardubice 2009.\" data-attachment-id=\"4497\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Detail po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u2013 kol\u00e9nkat\u011b ohnut\u00e9 jehlice, Pardubice 2009.\" width=\"550\" height=\"450\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/005-detail-kolenkate-ohnutych-jehlic-modrinu-v-dusledku-sani\/3408552251.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22550%22%20height%3D%22450%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20550%20450%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Detail po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u2013 kol\u00e9nkat\u011b ohnut\u00e9 jehlice, Pardubice 2009.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/004-silne-poskozeni-jehlic-modrinu-v-dusledku-sani.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed jehlic mod\u0159\u00ednu s\u00e1n\u00edm, Host\u011bnice 2010.\" data-attachment-id=\"4496\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed jehlic mod\u0159\u00ednu s\u00e1n\u00edm, Host\u011bnice 2010.\" width=\"550\" height=\"450\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/004-silne-poskozeni-jehlic-modrinu-v-dusledku-sani\/646406365.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22550%22%20height%3D%22450%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20550%20450%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed jehlic mod\u0159\u00ednu s\u00e1n\u00edm, Host\u011bnice 2010.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>POPIS DRUHU: <\/strong>korovnice pupenov\u00e1 se specificky projevuje na obou hostitelsk\u00fdch d\u0159evin\u00e1ch. V d\u016fsledku jej\u00edho s\u00e1n\u00ed se na smrku vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed typick\u00e9 \u0161i\u0161ticovit\u00e9, kulovit\u00e9, kom\u016frkat\u00e9 h\u00e1lky. Jeliko\u017e je v h\u00e1lku p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bn cel\u00fd pupen, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd v\u00fdhon v tomto m\u00edst\u011b d\u00e1l neroste. H\u00e1lky jsou bled\u011b zelen\u00e9 a\u017e \u017elutav\u00e9, drobn\u00e9 asi jako l\u00edskov\u00fd o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ek, tedy kolem 1 cm. Na jejich povrchu z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010dasto zbytky jehlic. Napad\u00e1ny jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b pupeny na bo\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdhonech a slab\u0161\u00edch v\u011btvi\u010dk\u00e1ch. Po vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed m\u0161ic h\u00e1lky postupn\u011b zd\u0159evnat\u00ed a z\u010dernaj\u00ed. Na d\u0159evin\u011b mohou z\u016fst\u00e1vat i n\u011bkolik let. Projevy na mod\u0159\u00ednu jsou rovn\u011b\u017e snadno odli\u0161iteln\u00e9, nebo\u0165 voskov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna produkuj\u00ed pouze generace saj\u00edc\u00ed na jehlic\u00edch. Generace saj\u00edc\u00ed na k\u016f\u0159e vosk neprodukuj\u00ed. Situace je tedy zcela opa\u010dn\u00e1 ne\u017e nap\u0159. u korovnice zelen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>EKOLOGIE DRUHU:<\/strong> slo\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdvojov\u00fd cyklus za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 na smrku. Larvy zakladatelek se l\u00edhnou na p\u0159elomu l\u00e9ta a podzimu. P\u0159ezimuj\u00ed ve f\u00e1zi 1. nebo 2. instaru p\u0159is\u00e1t\u00e9 na v\u00fdhonu pobl\u00ed\u017e pupenu. Brzy z jara pokra\u010duj\u00ed, pod ochranou voskov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, v s\u00e1n\u00ed a dosp\u00edvaj\u00ed v bezk\u0159\u00eddlou sami\u010dku \u2013 zakladatelku. V d\u016fsledku jej\u00edho s\u00e1n\u00ed se pupen p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v \u0161i\u0161ticovitou h\u00e1lku. Dosp\u011bl\u00e9 zakladatelky kladou velk\u00e9 shluky vaj\u00ed\u010dek, z nich\u017e se l\u00edhnou drobn\u00e9 larvy saj\u00edc\u00ed na jehlic\u00edch p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edho se pupenu. Jejich s\u00e1n\u00edm je podporov\u00e1n dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj h\u00e1lky, s \u00faplnou p\u0159em\u011bnou pupenu, a tvorba kom\u016frek, do kter\u00fdch jsou larvy postupn\u011b uzav\u00edr\u00e1ny. D\u00e9lka v\u00fdvoje larev uvnit\u0159 h\u00e1lek je ovlivn\u011bna po\u010das\u00edm a prob\u00edh\u00e1 od kv\u011btna do poloviny \u010dervna a\u017e poloviny srpna. Larvy h\u00e1lky, po jejich otev\u0159en\u00ed, opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed a p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed se v ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00e9 sami\u010dky, kter\u00e9 migruj\u00ed na sekund\u00e1rn\u00edho hostitele \u2013 mod\u0159\u00edn. Na mod\u0159\u00ednech kladou vaj\u00ed\u010dka, z nich\u017e se vyl\u00edhnou larvy dal\u0161\u00ed generace, kter\u00e9 op\u011bt v 1. nebo 2. instaru p\u0159ezimuj\u00ed. Na ja\u0159e p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku p\u0159ezimovav\u0161\u00ed larvi\u010dky dosp\u00edvaj\u00ed a kladou vaj\u00ed\u010dka, z nich\u017e se l\u00edhne dal\u0161\u00ed pokolen\u00ed dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v bezk\u0159\u00eddl\u00e9 i ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00e9 sami\u010dky. Bezk\u0159\u00eddl\u00e9 sami\u010dky plod\u00ed na mod\u0159\u00ednech v pr\u016fb\u011bhu l\u00e9ta dal\u0161\u00ed generace. Ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00e9 sami\u010dky se v\u0161ak v pr\u016fb\u011bhu kv\u011btna a \u010dervna st\u011bhuj\u00ed zp\u011bt na smrk, kde na jehlice \u010derstv\u00fdch v\u00fdhon\u016f kladou vaj\u00ed\u010dka. Z vaj\u00ed\u010dek se l\u00edhne, v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dvou let jedin\u00e1, oboupohlavn\u00ed generace. Oplodn\u011bn\u00e9 sami\u010dky pak v pr\u016fb\u011bhu l\u00e9ta kladou na smrk jedin\u00e9 vaj\u00ed\u010dko budouc\u00ed zakladatelky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u00ddZNAM DRUHU: <\/strong>zat\u00edmco u smrku napad\u00e1 korovnice pupenov\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e st\u0159edn\u011b star\u00e9 a star\u0161\u00ed d\u0159eviny, u mod\u0159\u00ednu naopak up\u0159ednost\u0148uje mlad\u0161\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 kategorie, v\u010detn\u011b \u0161kolka\u0159sk\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee tvorbou h\u00e1lek zanikaj\u00ed na smrc\u00edch cel\u00e9 pupeny, doch\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dasto k r\u016fzn\u00fdm deformac\u00edm koruny a v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed estetick\u00e9 hodnoty stromu. Na mod\u0159\u00ednech zp\u016fsobuje korovnice sv\u00fdm s\u00e1n\u00edm zpomalen\u00fd r\u016fst v\u00fdhon\u016f, \u017eloutnut\u00ed a kol\u00e9nkovit\u00e9 oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed jehlic. P\u0159i siln\u00e9m napaden\u00ed mohou jehlice \u010di dokonce cel\u00e9 v\u00fdhony odum\u00edrat. P\u0159i siln\u00e9m napaden\u00ed k\u016fry doch\u00e1z\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b k po\u0161kozen\u00ed povrchov\u00fdch pletiv a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jejich mrazuvzdornosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Adelges laricis (Vallot, 1836) TAXONOMICK\u00c9 ZA\u0158AZEN\u00cd: \u0158\u00e1d: polok\u0159\u00eddl\u00ed (Hemiptera) Pod\u0159\u00e1d: m\u0161icosav\u00ed (Auchenorrhyncha) Nad\u010dele\u010f: Phylloxeroidea \u010cele\u010f: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1467","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1467"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2491,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1467\/revisions\/2491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}