{"id":1407,"date":"2020-02-05T15:59:02","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T14:59:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/?page_id=1407"},"modified":"2024-11-14T14:14:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T13:14:08","slug":"poskozeni-pozary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/poskozeni-pozary\/","title":{"rendered":"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY:<\/strong> v\u0161echny d\u0159eviny <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd: <\/strong>p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed stromu, oho\u0159en\u00ed nebo \u00fapln\u00e9 sho\u0159en\u00ed, naru\u0161en\u00ed stability svah\u016f na zcela vyho\u0159en\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch, sekund\u00e1rn\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00ed hmyzem \u010di houbami.<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2575 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2575 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2575\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/IMG_5165-e1581682141269.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Oho\u0159el\u00e9 kmeny po po\u017e\u00e1ru z kv\u011btna 2012, Bzenec 2018\" data-attachment-id=\"2120\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Oho\u0159el\u00e9 kmeny po po\u017e\u00e1ru z kv\u011btna 2012, Bzenec 2018\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/02\/IMG_5165-e1581682141269\/3919644367.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Oho\u0159el\u00e9 kmeny po po\u017e\u00e1ru z kv\u011btna 2012, Bzenec 2018<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/IMG_5400.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Okraj po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u011b u Bzence z kv\u011btna 2012, stav 2018\" data-attachment-id=\"2114\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Okraj po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u011b u Bzence z kv\u011btna 2012, stav 2018\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/02\/IMG_5400\/457063743.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Okraj po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u011b u Bzence z kv\u011btna 2012, stav 2018<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Charakter i rozsah po\u017e\u00e1ru je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na druhu po\u017e\u00e1ru:<br>&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <em>pozemn\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r<\/em> \u2013 ho\u0159\u00ed p\u016fdn\u00ed kryt, po\u017e\u00e1r se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do v\u0161ech stran, ni\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1let d\u0159evin a kultury<br>&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <em>korunov\u00fd po\u017e\u00e1r<\/em> \u2013 ho\u0159\u00ed koruny strom\u016f i p\u016fdn\u00ed kryt, tj. cel\u00fd porost, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161kody na porostech, obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 lokalizace po\u017e\u00e1ru a jeho ha\u0161en\u00ed<br>&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <em>podzemn\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r<\/em> \u2013 nej\u010dast\u011bji na ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u00edch, ho\u0159\u00ed organick\u00fd substr\u00e1t, koruny strom\u016f, n\u00e1let a kultury d\u0159evin, \u010dasto n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00ed typy po\u017e\u00e1ru, obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b hajiteln\u00fd s&nbsp;tendenc\u00ed k&nbsp;op\u011btovn\u00e9mu rozho\u0159en\u00ed<br>&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <em>po\u017e\u00e1r dut\u00e9ho stromu<\/em> \u2013 postihuje jednotliv\u00e9 stromy, po\u017e\u00e1r zasahuje hnilobou zasa\u017een\u00e9 d\u0159evo, kter\u00e9 dob\u0159e ho\u0159\u00ed i d\u00edky efektu kom\u00ednu v dut\u00e9m stromu, \u010dast\u00fd v oblastech s pastvou dobytka v&nbsp;lese<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f v&nbsp;\u010cR je nedbalost (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 60 %), relativn\u011b \u010detn\u00e9 jsou \u00famysln\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1ry nebo po\u017e\u00e1ry zalo\u017een\u00e9 d\u011btmi (cca 8 %). Po\u017e\u00e1ry od jisker \u2013 v\u00fdfuky, brzdy na \u017eeleznici (cca 2 %) \u010di po\u017e\u00e1ry vznikl\u00e9 od blesku (cca 1%) jsou ji\u017e pom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e1lo \u010detn\u00e9, v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtvrtina lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 neobjasn\u011bna. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed sho\u0159en\u00edm mohou d\u0159eviny hynout i dlouho po po\u017e\u00e1ru. Zejm\u00e9na d\u0159eviny s hladkou k\u016frou toti\u017e sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed a odum\u00edraj\u00ed postupn\u011b do 2\u20133 let. Smrk je na po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u00edch ve zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e napad\u00e1n podkorn\u00edm hmyzem, jedle odum\u00edr\u00e1 zpravidla bez ataku hmyzu, buk je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b atakov\u00e1n hmyzem, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy v\u0161ak houbami. D\u0159eviny s&nbsp;hrubou borkou (borovice, mod\u0159\u00edn\u2026) maj\u00ed vysokou odolnost v\u016f\u010di po\u017e\u00e1ru, oslaben\u00edm po po\u017e\u00e1ru se ov\u0161em zvy\u0161uje atak podkorn\u00edho hmyzu (nap\u0159. l\u00fdkohub <em>Myelophilus piniperda<\/em> \u2013 borovice, l\u00fdko\u017erout <em>Ips cembrae<\/em> \u2013 mod\u0159\u00edn) i d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch hub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f v\u00a0tomto tis\u00edcilet\u00ed ho\u0159el mezi Bzencem, Str\u00e1\u017enic\u00ed a Rat\u00ed\u0161kovicemi na konci kv\u011btna 2012, zachv\u00e1til asi 200 hektar\u016f lesn\u00edch porost\u016f. Zasahovaly stovky hasi\u010d\u016f z\u00a0celkem 70 hasi\u010dsk\u00fdch jednotek, ha\u0161en\u00ed trvalo n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-3783 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-3783 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-3783\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:false,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/pozar_bzenec_holina_2017.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Okraj po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u011b z roku 2012, stav 2017.\" data-caption-desc=\"Okraj po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u011b z roku 2012, stav 2017.\" data-attachment-id=\"3782\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Okraj po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u011b z roku 2012, stav 2017.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/03\/pozar_bzenec_holina_2017\/1301288056.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-desc\">Okraj po\u017e\u00e1\u0159i\u0161t\u011b z roku 2012, stav 2017.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/pozar_bzenec_holina_2015.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Holina po po\u017e\u00e1ru 2012, stav 2017 po opakovan\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed sazenic ponravy chroust\u016f.\" data-caption-desc=\"Holina po po\u017e\u00e1ru 2012, stav 2017 po opakovan\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed sazenic ponravy chroust\u016f.\" data-attachment-id=\"3781\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Holina po po\u017e\u00e1ru 2012, stav 2017 po opakovan\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed sazenic ponravy chroust\u016f.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/03\/pozar_bzenec_holina_2015\/3825239430.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-desc\">Holina po po\u017e\u00e1ru 2012, stav 2017 po opakovan\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed sazenic ponravy chroust\u016f.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: v\u0161echny d\u0159eviny POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd: p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed stromu, oho\u0159en\u00ed nebo \u00fapln\u00e9 sho\u0159en\u00ed, naru\u0161en\u00ed stability svah\u016f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1407","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1407"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1407\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4443,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1407\/revisions\/4443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}