{"id":1361,"date":"2020-02-05T14:15:47","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T13:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/?page_id=1361"},"modified":"2024-11-06T16:37:14","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T15:37:14","slug":"poskozeni-vysokymi-teplotami","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/poskozeni-vysokymi-teplotami\/","title":{"rendered":"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed vysok\u00fdmi teplotami"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY:<\/strong> v\u0161echny d\u0159eviny<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd<\/strong>: korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la \u2013 poprask\u00e1n\u00ed a zasych\u00e1n\u00ed k\u016fry na oslun\u011bn\u00e9 stran\u011b, pozd\u011bji se odlupuje a v pruz\u00edch opad\u00e1v\u00e1; po\u0161kozen\u00ed ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho kr\u010dku sazenic a mlad\u00fdch stromk\u016f, podlamov\u00e1n\u00ed semen\u00e1\u010dk\u016f; \u017eloutnut\u00ed a nekr\u00f3zy na listech a jehlic\u00edch, prim\u00e1rn\u011b na \u0161pi\u010dce a okraji \u010depele listu n\u00e1sledn\u011b i mezi \u017eilkami (stejn\u00e9 symptomy jako u po\u0161kozen\u00ed suchem), fialov\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e1n\u00ed list\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U rostlin p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00fdch m\u00edrn\u00e9mu klimatu se kritick\u00e9 teploty pohybuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou v rozmez\u00ed 40&nbsp;a\u017e 50 \u00b0C. Zpomalen\u00ed r\u016fstu \u010di omezen\u00ed tvorby n\u011bkter\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee u n\u011bkter\u00fdch d\u0159evin nastat ji\u017e p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch od 25 \u010di 30 \u00b0C. O v\u00fdsledn\u00e9m p\u016fsoben\u00ed vysok\u00fdch teplot na d\u0159evinu rozhoduj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, jako jsou druh d\u0159eviny (\u010di jej\u00ed ekotyp), r\u016fstov\u00e1 \u010di v\u00fdvojov\u00e1 f\u00e1ze a st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed d\u0159eviny, obsah vody v&nbsp;pletivech, z\u00e1soben\u00ed pletiv kysl\u00edkem, stanovi\u0161t\u011b, d\u00e9lka expozice kritick\u00fdch teplot, v\u00fdvoj po\u010das\u00ed p\u0159ed a po p\u016fsoben\u00ed kritick\u00fdch teplot (sr\u00e1\u017eky, vlhkost vzduchu, proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la&nbsp; je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed vysok\u00fdmi teplotami u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch d\u0159evin. Objevuje se na d\u0159evin\u00e1ch s hladkou k\u016frou p\u0159i n\u00e1hl\u00e9m zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed a zp\u016fsobuje odum\u0159en\u00ed k\u016fry na oslun\u011bn\u00e9 ji\u017en\u00ed \u010di jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed stran\u011b kmene \u010di na oslun\u011bn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech kostern\u00edch v\u011btv\u00ed, u nejmlad\u0161\u00edch strom\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt po\u0161kozen\u00ed v ko\u0159enov\u00e9m kr\u010dku a nad n\u00edm. Obna\u017een\u00e9 d\u0159evo prask\u00e1 a pozd\u011bji je zpravidla posti\u017eeno hnilobami. Nej\u010dast\u011bji je posti\u017een buk, javory, habr, smrk, jedle a vejmutovky. \u010cast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je po\u0161kozen\u00ed u star\u0161\u00edch strom\u016f. Pokud jsou praskliny situov\u00e1ny jen do baz\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti (dub, javory, habr, buk) vzrostl\u00fdch strom\u016f, jde sp\u00ed\u0161e o po\u0161kozen\u00ed mrazem, suchem nebo jarn\u00edmi prudk\u00fdmi zm\u011bnami teplot. <\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2550 .fg-image { width: 365px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2550 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2550\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/korni_spala-1.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na smrku, Novohradsk\u00e9 hory 2007.\" data-attachment-id=\"4421\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na smrku, Novohradsk\u00e9 hory 2007.\" width=\"365\" height=\"500\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/korni_spala-1\/944036204.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22365%22%20height%3D%22500%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20500%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na smrku, Novohradsk\u00e9 hory 2007.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/korni_spala-2.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na buku, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 1997.\" data-attachment-id=\"4422\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na buku, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 1997.\" width=\"365\" height=\"500\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/korni_spala-2\/4223737151.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22365%22%20height%3D%22500%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20500%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na buku, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 1997.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/korni_spala_Straznice_olse-2014-2.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na mlad\u00e9 ol\u0161i, Str\u00e1\u017enice, 2014.\" data-attachment-id=\"4424\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na mlad\u00e9 ol\u0161i, Str\u00e1\u017enice, 2014.\" width=\"365\" height=\"500\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/korni_spala_Straznice_olse-2014-2\/2395586946.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22365%22%20height%3D%22500%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20500%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la na mlad\u00e9 ol\u0161i, Str\u00e1\u017enice, 2014.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2554 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2554 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2554\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dloutnut\u00ed a nekr\u00f3zy mohou vznikat spolup\u016fsoben\u00ed vysok\u00fdch teplot a intenzivn\u00edho slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, ohro\u017eena jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mlad\u00e1 pletiva (mlad\u00e9 listy, vrcholy letorost\u016f\u2026). Fialov\u011bn\u00ed a \u010derven\u00e1n\u00ed list\u016f vznik\u00e1 u citliv\u00fdch d\u0159evin p\u0159i dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00edch vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0vysokou oz\u00e1\u0159enost\u00ed v d\u016fsledku nahromad\u011bn\u00ed antokyanu. P\u0159i extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch trvaj\u00edc\u00edch del\u0161\u00ed dobu se mohou objevovat tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky slune\u010dn\u00edho \u00fa\u017eehu (sp\u00e1len\u00ed) na listech, nap\u0159\u00edklad u n\u011bkter\u00fdch kultivar\u016f buku lesn\u00edho. Kone\u010dn\u00fdm d\u016fsledkem extr\u00e9mn\u00edho dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00edho horka mohou b\u00fdt rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 odum\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed listov\u00fdch pletiv \u2013 naru\u0161en\u00ed metabolismu nukleonov\u00fdch kyselin a b\u00edlkovin, hromad\u011bn\u00ed dus\u00edkat\u00fdch slou\u010denin, tvorba toxick\u00fdch produkt\u016f rozkladu, po\u0161kozen\u00ed membr\u00e1n, denaturace b\u00edlkovin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po\u0161kozen\u00ed semen\u00e1\u010dk\u016f \u010di sazenic vysok\u00fdmi teplotami \u2013 vlivem p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed p\u016fdn\u00edho povrchu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k po\u0161kozen\u00ed ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho kr\u010dku a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9mu podlamov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di odum\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed semen\u00e1\u010dk\u016f (nap\u0159. jedle, smrk), nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na ve \u0161kolk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: v\u0161echny d\u0159eviny POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd: korn\u00ed sp\u00e1la \u2013 poprask\u00e1n\u00ed a zasych\u00e1n\u00ed k\u016fry na oslun\u011bn\u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1361","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1361"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2555,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1361\/revisions\/2555"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}