{"id":1347,"date":"2020-02-05T14:03:55","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T13:03:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/?page_id=1347"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:24:47","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T12:24:47","slug":"poskozeni-mrazem","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/poskozeni-mrazem\/","title":{"rendered":"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed mrazem"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: <\/strong>v\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f d\u0159evin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd:<\/strong> u mraz\u016f v&nbsp;pr\u016fb\u011bhu zimy \u017eloutnut\u00ed a reznut\u00ed jehlic nejmlad\u0161\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na oslun\u011bn\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u011btv\u00ed a koruny, pupeny \u010dasto na ja\u0159e vyra\u0161\u00ed, jen p\u0159i v\u00fdrazn\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed mrazem odum\u00edraj\u00ed; mrazov\u00e9 trhliny v&nbsp;k\u016f\u0159e a d\u0159ev\u011b \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na oslun\u011bn\u00e9 ji\u017en\u00ed a jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed stran\u011b stromu, opakovan\u00fdm prask\u00e1n\u00edm a zar\u016fst\u00e1n\u00edm vznikaj\u00ed u&nbsp;strom\u016f s&nbsp;\u0161irok\u00fdmi d\u0159e\u0148ov\u00fdmi paprsky mrazov\u00e9 k\u00fdly; vymrz\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di vytahov\u00e1n\u00ed sazenic ve \u0161kolk\u00e1ch; u&nbsp;pozdn\u00edch mraz\u016f po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edch pupen\u016f, \u017eloutnut\u00ed, reznut\u00ed, \u010dern\u00e1n\u00ed, vadnut\u00ed a opad nov\u00fdch list\u016f \u010di letorost\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2537 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2537 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2537\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mraz_dub.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed dubu pozdn\u00edm mrazem, PP Baba, Brno 2011.\" data-attachment-id=\"4398\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed dubu pozdn\u00edm mrazem, PP Baba, Brno 2011.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/mraz_dub\/1708428882.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed dubu pozdn\u00edm mrazem, PP Baba, Brno 2011.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mraz_smrk_Orlicke-2007.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho smrku pozdn\u00edm mrazem, Orlick\u00e9 hory 2007.\" data-attachment-id=\"4401\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho smrku pozdn\u00edm mrazem, Orlick\u00e9 hory 2007.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/mraz_smrk_Orlicke-2007\/21292340.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho smrku pozdn\u00edm mrazem, Orlick\u00e9 hory 2007.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-3627 .fg-image { width: 365px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-3627 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-3627\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:false},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/P5114734.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho jasanu, Vranovice 2016.\" data-attachment-id=\"3628\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho jasanu, Vranovice 2016.\" width=\"365\" height=\"320\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/03\/P5114734\/1239803955.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22365%22%20height%3D%22320%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20320%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho jasanu, Vranovice 2016.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/P4116312.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed kv\u011bt\u016f zlat\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b, Brno 2012.\" data-attachment-id=\"3629\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed kv\u011bt\u016f zlat\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b, Brno 2012.\" width=\"365\" height=\"320\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/03\/P4116312\/938443170.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22365%22%20height%3D%22320%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20320%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed kv\u011bt\u016f zlat\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b, Brno 2012.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/P4248427.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00e9 kv\u011bty okrasn\u00e9 sakury, Brno 2012.\" data-attachment-id=\"3630\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00e9 kv\u011bty okrasn\u00e9 sakury, Brno 2012.\" width=\"365\" height=\"320\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/03\/P4248427\/563385901.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22365%22%20height%3D%22320%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20365%20320%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00e9 kv\u011bty okrasn\u00e9 sakury, Brno 2012.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed pletiv mrazem zpravidla souvis\u00ed s vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm krystal\u016f ledu. Protoplasty s&nbsp;vysok\u00fdm obsahem vody p\u0159i podchlazen\u00ed zamrzaj\u00ed, vznikl\u00e9 krystaly ledu bu\u0148ku zevnit\u0159 destruuj\u00ed (zv\u011bt\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed objemu). Destrukce m\u016f\u017ee postihovat jak jehli\u010d\u00ed, tak kmeny, zejm\u00e9na v&nbsp;m\u00edstech s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm pod\u00edlem parenchymu, tj. v&nbsp;oblasti \u0161irok\u00fdch l\u00fdkod\u0159evn\u00edch paprsk\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed, \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed je extracelul\u00e1rn\u00ed zamrz\u00e1n\u00ed vody, kdy se krystaly ledu tvo\u0159\u00ed v&nbsp;mezibun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch nebo mezi bun\u011b\u010dnou st\u011bnou a protoplastem. Led pak od\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 vodu z protoplast\u016f (tlak p\u00e1ry nad ledem je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tlak p\u00e1ry nad podchlazen\u00fdm roztokem) a ty se smr\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed a\u017e na 2\/3 sv\u00e9ho p\u016fvodn\u00edho objemu. V protoplastu se nakonec mezi ledem a vodou ustanov\u00ed rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00fd stav. N\u00edzk\u00e1 teplota tak m\u00e1 na rostlinn\u00e1 pletiva v&nbsp;podstat\u011b stejn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek jako vysu\u0161en\u00ed \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k nekontrolovan\u00e9mu smr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bun\u011bk. Star\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edky jehli\u010d\u00ed a dosp\u011bl\u00e9 stromy mnohokr\u00e1t vystaven\u00e9 obdobn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m na mr\u00e1z l\u00e9pe reaguj\u00ed a po\u0161kozen\u00ed mrazem je u nich m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dast\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mrazov\u00e9 praskliny vznikaj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na na oslun\u011bn\u00e9 ji\u017en\u00ed a jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed stran\u011b strom\u016f (n\u00e1hl\u00e9 rozd\u00edly teploty b\u011bhem dne a noci), r\u00e1ny se zavaluj\u00ed, p\u0159i opakovan\u00e9m poprask\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou infikov\u00e1ny d\u0159evokazn\u00fdmi houbami. Mrazov\u00e9 k\u00fdly vznikaj\u00ed na siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kmenech strom\u016f s \u0161irok\u00fdmi d\u0159e\u0148ov\u00fdmi paprsky (dub, buk, jilm, habr, jedle, topol). Prudk\u00fdm smr\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u011ble p\u0159i n\u00e1hl\u00e9m p\u0159echlazen\u00ed dojde k roztr\u017een\u00ed kmene, \u010dasto a\u017e ke d\u0159eni, na ja\u0159e se prasklina uzav\u00edr\u00e1 a zar\u016fst\u00e1 nov\u00fdm letokruhem. V dal\u0161\u00ed zim\u011b \u010dasto dojde znovu k obnoven\u00ed r\u00e1ny (ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed pevnost), postupn\u011b pod\u00e9l obnovovan\u00e9 praskliny vznik\u00e1 hojiv\u00e9 pletivo v podob\u011b li\u0161ty. <\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2539 .fg-image { width: 360px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2539 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2539\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mrazova_kyla_Valtice.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Mrazov\u00e1 k\u00fdla, Valtice.\" data-attachment-id=\"4405\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Mrazov\u00e1 k\u00fdla, Valtice.\" width=\"360\" height=\"500\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/mrazova_kyla_Valtice\/1902072979.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22360%22%20height%3D%22500%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20360%20500%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Mrazov\u00e1 k\u00fdla, Valtice.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mraz_trhliny.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Mrazov\u00e9 trhliny na dubu ceru, Lednicko 2005.\" data-attachment-id=\"4404\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Mrazov\u00e9 trhliny na dubu ceru, Lednicko 2005.\" width=\"360\" height=\"500\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/mraz_trhliny\/1897346806.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22360%22%20height%3D%22500%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20360%20500%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Mrazov\u00e9 trhliny na dubu ceru, Lednicko 2005.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mrazova_trhlina-1.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"\u0158ez mrazovou trhlinou.\" data-attachment-id=\"4403\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"\u0158ez mrazovou trhlinou.\" width=\"360\" height=\"500\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/mrazova_trhlina-1\/3253587112.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22360%22%20height%3D%22500%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20360%20500%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">\u0158ez mrazovou trhlinou.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vznik po\u0161kozen\u00ed mrazem a jeho m\u00edra z\u00e1vis\u00ed na t\u011bchto faktorech:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Obdob\u00ed \u2013<\/strong><em> <\/em>v&nbsp;zimn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, kdy jsou d\u0159eviny ve vegeta\u010dn\u00edm klidu, sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed mr\u00e1z l\u00e9pe \u2013 ke&nbsp;\u0161kod\u00e1m doch\u00e1z\u00ed a\u017e p\u0159i velmi n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch (\u0159\u00e1dov\u011b u na\u0161ich dom\u00e1c\u00edch d\u0159evin adaptovan\u00fdch na zimn\u00ed mrazy p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch cca -15 \u00b0C a ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch), d\u0159eviny jsou postupn\u00fdm ochlazov\u00e1n\u00edm na&nbsp;podzim na mr\u00e1z adaptov\u00e1ny (\u201eotu\u017eeny\u201c); p\u0159i <em>\u010dasn\u00fdch mrazech<\/em> tato adaptace dosud neprob\u011bhla, letorosty nav\u00edc nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b zcela zd\u0159evnat\u011bl\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k&nbsp;po\u0161kozen\u00ed i&nbsp;p\u0159i&nbsp;teplot\u00e1ch cca -3 a\u017e -5 \u00b0C; rezistenci v\u016f\u010di mrazu mohou zejm\u00e9na mlad\u00e9 jehlice a pr\u00fdty ztratit i uprost\u0159ed zimy po n\u011bkolika dnech s teplotami nad 8 <sup>o<\/sup>C; p\u0159i <em>pozdn\u00edch mrazech<\/em> (duben, kv\u011bten, zejm\u00e9na v&nbsp;tzv. mrazov\u00fdch poloh\u00e1ch) sta\u010d\u00ed k&nbsp;po\u0161kozen\u00ed citliv\u00fdch ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edch pupen\u016f \u010di nov\u00fdch pr\u00fdt\u016f op\u011bt teploty kolem cca -3 a\u017e -5 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Druh d\u0159eviny<\/strong><em> <\/em>\u2013 m\u00e9n\u011b odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di zimn\u00edm mraz\u016fm jsou d\u0159eviny s&nbsp;hlavn\u00edm v\u00fdskytem v&nbsp;teplej\u0161\u00edch oblastech, nap\u0159. dub cer, je\u0159\u00e1b b\u0159ek; mezi d\u0159eviny citliv\u00e9 na pozdn\u00ed mr\u00e1z pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159. jasan, buk, dub, jedle, z&nbsp;introdukovan\u00fdch druh\u016f potom nap\u0159. ak\u00e1t, ka\u0161tanovn\u00edk set\u00fd, o\u0159e\u0161\u00e1k \u010dern\u00fd, douglaska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Stanovi\u0161t\u011b <\/strong>\u2013 zimn\u00edm mrazem \u010dast\u011bji trp\u00ed d\u0159eviny v&nbsp;ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch, kde je v\u00edce citliv\u00fdch druh\u016f d\u0159evin a teploty \u010dasto klesaj\u00ed (nap\u0159. v&nbsp;p\u00e1nevn\u00edch oblastech) v\u00edce ne\u017e v&nbsp;hor\u00e1ch; pozdn\u00edm mrazem jsou po\u0161kozov\u00e1ny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u0159eviny v&nbsp;tzv. mrazov\u00fdch poloh\u00e1ch \u2013 v&nbsp;sn\u00ed\u017eenin\u00e1ch, do kter\u00fdch st\u00e9k\u00e1 chladn\u00fd vzduch, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b jsou-li zamok\u0159en\u00e9 a d\u0159eviny na ji\u017en\u00edch a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edch expozic\u00edch, kde d\u0159\u00edve ra\u0161\u00ed a \u010dast\u011bji se tak s mrazem setkaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2543 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2543 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2543\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mraz_buk_Orlicke-2007.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pozdn\u00edm mrazem na buku, Orlick\u00e9 hory 2007.\" data-attachment-id=\"4397\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pozdn\u00edm mrazem na buku, Orlick\u00e9 hory 2007.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/mraz_buk_Orlicke-2007\/4178547066.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pozdn\u00edm mrazem na buku, Orlick\u00e9 hory 2007.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mraz_buk_letotosty2.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Mrazem po\u0161kozen\u00e9 letorosty buku, 2011.\" data-attachment-id=\"4396\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Mrazem po\u0161kozen\u00e9 letorosty buku, 2011.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/mraz_buk_letotosty2\/1945215795.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Mrazem po\u0161kozen\u00e9 letorosty buku, 2011.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/pozdni_mraz-4.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho dubu pozdn\u00edm mrazem, Mohelno 2007.\" data-attachment-id=\"4419\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho dubu pozdn\u00edm mrazem, Mohelno 2007.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/02\/pozdni_mraz-4\/1917951238.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ra\u0161\u00edc\u00edho dubu pozdn\u00edm mrazem, Mohelno 2007.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/pozdni_mraz-2.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed jedle pozdn\u00edm mrazem, \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 vrchovina 2007.\" data-attachment-id=\"4420\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed jedle pozdn\u00edm mrazem, \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 vrchovina 2007.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/02\/pozdni_mraz-2\/1196908959.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed jedle pozdn\u00edm mrazem, \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 vrchovina 2007.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\nThe gallery was not found!","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: v\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f d\u0159evin POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd: u mraz\u016f v&nbsp;pr\u016fb\u011bhu zimy \u017eloutnut\u00ed a reznut\u00ed jehlic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1347","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1347","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1347"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1347\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4406,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1347\/revisions\/4406"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1347"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}