{"id":1301,"date":"2020-02-05T13:00:42","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T12:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/?page_id=1301"},"modified":"2024-11-06T16:37:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T15:37:15","slug":"poskozeni-namrazou","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/poskozeni-namrazou\/","title":{"rendered":"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed n\u00e1mrazou"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: <\/strong>v\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f d\u0159evin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd:<\/strong> vrcholov\u00e9, korunov\u00e9 a kmenov\u00e9 zlomy, prolamov\u00e1n\u00ed koruny, vznik dvoj\u00e1k\u016f a v\u00edcer\u00e1k\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pod souhrnn\u00fdm ozna\u010den\u00edm n\u00e1mraza se pro pot\u0159eby monitoringu po\u0161kozen\u00ed skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed dva r\u016fzn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 jevy \u2013 ledovka a n\u00e1mraza. Ledovka se tvo\u0159\u00ed za bezv\u011bt\u0159\u00ed z mlhy nebo de\u0161t\u011b na kmenech a v\u011btv\u00edch ochlazen\u00fdch pod bod mrazu. N\u00e1mraza se tvo\u0159\u00ed z mlhy zanesen\u00e9 v\u011btrem, namrz\u00e1 proti sm\u011bru p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edch v\u011btr\u016f na koruny a kmeny strom\u016f ochlazen\u00e9 pod bod mrazu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1mrazy nej\u010dast\u011bji vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch povrchu strom\u016f m\u00edrn\u011b pod bodem mrazu, tj. cca 0\u00b0C a\u017e -4\u00b0C, teplot\u00e1ch vzduchu m\u00edrn\u011b nad bod mrazu tj. cca 0\u00b0C a\u017e 5\u00b0C a vysok\u00e9 vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 vlhkosti od 100 % do cca 70 %. P\u0159i \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m \u010di velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9m vzdu\u0161n\u00e9m proud\u011bn\u00ed je nutn\u00e1 vlhkost kolem 100 %, p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm proud\u011bn\u00ed (ov\u0161em nikoliv siln\u00e9m, p\u0159i n\u011bm n\u00e1mrazy nevznikaj\u00ed v\u016fbec) sta\u010d\u00ed k namrz\u00e1n\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed vlhkost vzduchu.<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2526 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2526 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2526\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/namraza_2020_1.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"N\u00e1mraza ve sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9m porostu, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 2020.\" data-attachment-id=\"4265\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"N\u00e1mraza ve sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9m porostu, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 2020.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/02\/namraza_2020_1\/2263186642.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">N\u00e1mraza ve sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9m porostu, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 2020.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/namraza_2020_2.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"N\u00e1mraza v listnat\u00e9m porostu, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 2020.\" data-attachment-id=\"4264\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"N\u00e1mraza v listnat\u00e9m porostu, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 2020.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2020\/02\/namraza_2020_2\/1317934068.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">N\u00e1mraza v listnat\u00e9m porostu, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 2020.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/namraza_Mohelno-2007-2.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"N\u00e1mraza nejv\u00edce po\u0161kozuje solitern\u00ed stromy a porostn\u00ed st\u011bnu, Mohelno 2007.\" data-attachment-id=\"4357\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"N\u00e1mraza nejv\u00edce po\u0161kozuje solitern\u00ed stromy a porostn\u00ed st\u011bnu, Mohelno 2007.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/namraza_Mohelno-2007-2\/1695240893.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">N\u00e1mraza nejv\u00edce po\u0161kozuje solitern\u00ed stromy a porostn\u00ed st\u011bnu, Mohelno 2007.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/namraza_v_buku.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"N\u00e1mraza v porostu buku, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 1997.\" data-attachment-id=\"4359\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"N\u00e1mraza v porostu buku, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 1997.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/namraza_v_buku\/729343960.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">N\u00e1mraza v porostu buku, \u0160LP K\u0159tiny 1997.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fdsledn\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed porost\u016f n\u00e1mrazou a velikost n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch polom\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na t\u011bchto faktorech:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Nadmo\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka a poloha<\/strong> \u2013 nejv\u00edce jsou ohro\u017eeny podhorsk\u00e9 a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed horsk\u00e9 polohy; v\u00edce jsou po\u0161kozov\u00e1ny porosty na svaz\u00edch a h\u0159ebenech (zachycen\u00ed teplej\u0161\u00edch proud\u016f mlh z&nbsp;\u00fadol\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Druh d\u0159eviny<\/strong> \u2013 nejv\u00edce jsou po\u0161kozov\u00e1ny borovice lesn\u00ed <em>Pinus sylvestris<\/em> (rozl\u00e1m\u00e1n\u00ed korun) a smrk ztepil\u00fd <em>Picea abies<\/em> (vrcholkov\u00e9 polomy), z listn\u00e1\u010d\u016f jsou nejv\u00edce ohro\u017eeny ol\u0161e <em>Alnus <\/em>sp., buk lesn\u00ed <em>Fagus sylvatica<\/em> a&nbsp;v&nbsp;n\u011bkter\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch tak\u00e9 dub<em> <\/em>zimn\u00ed<em> Quercus petraea<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Typ porostu<\/strong> \u2013 nejv\u00edce jsou ohro\u017eeny stejnov\u011bk\u00e9 smrkov\u00e9 porosty se zanedbanou v\u00fdchovou, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mezernat\u00e9 porosty (lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup mlhy ke strom\u016fm), porostn\u00ed okraje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Zdravotn\u00ed stav stromu<\/strong> \u2013 viz bod 8 u ohro\u017een\u00ed v\u011btrem.<\/p>\n\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-2528 .fg-image { width: 560px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-2528 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-none fg-left fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-border-thin fg-shadow-outline fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-caption-always fg-hover-fade fg-hover-zoom\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-2528\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:true},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/namraza_dusledky-zlomy.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Dvoj\u00e1ky po n\u00e1mrazov\u00fdch zlomech, \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 vrchovina 2008.\" data-attachment-id=\"4356\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Dvoj\u00e1ky po n\u00e1mrazov\u00fdch zlomech, \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 vrchovina 2008.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/namraza_dusledky-zlomy\/1825332247.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Dvoj\u00e1ky po n\u00e1mrazov\u00fdch zlomech, \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 vrchovina 2008.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/namraza_Zdarna.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Rozl\u00e1man\u00e1 porostn\u00ed st\u011bna, \u017d\u010f\u00e1rn\u00e1 1996.\" data-attachment-id=\"4358\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Rozl\u00e1man\u00e1 porostn\u00ed st\u011bna, \u017d\u010f\u00e1rn\u00e1 1996.\" width=\"560\" height=\"430\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2024\/11\/namraza_Zdarna\/2295353799.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22430%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20560%20430%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Rozl\u00e1man\u00e1 porostn\u00ed st\u011bna, \u017d\u010f\u00e1rn\u00e1 1996.<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PO\u0160KOZOVAN\u00c9 D\u0158EVINY: v\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f d\u0159evin POPIS PO\u0160KOZEN\u00cd: vrcholov\u00e9, korunov\u00e9 a kmenov\u00e9 zlomy, prolamov\u00e1n\u00ed koruny, vznik [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1301","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1301"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2529,"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1301\/revisions\/2529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rumex.mendelu.cz\/atlasposkozenidrevin\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}